稀土(tu)永(yong)磁在直(zhi)流(liu)無(wu)調速電機上(shang)的(de)應用
來源：北(bei)京萬源工業公司(si)技術創新中心?日期：2009-01-20?加入收藏(zang)
?????? 電(dian)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲(huo)取與應(ying)用(yong)是(shi)人(ren)類社會進(jin)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要標志，電(dian)能是(shi)現(xian)代社會不能離開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)能量(liang)形式(shi)，無論在什(shen)么行業(ye)領域中電(dian)能應(ying)用(yong)都十分廣泛。電(dian)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)最(zui)為(wei)普遍(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)形式(shi)，就是(shi)把電(dian)能轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化為(wei)機械能，所依靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)手段就是(shi)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)。電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機把電(dian)能轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)機械能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞，關系(xi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)能是(shi)否能夠充分利用(yong)，關系(xi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)所驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)效率和運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)情況，因此(ci)人(ren)們一直在不斷(duan)地開(kai)發(fa)研制符合要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機。回顧電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，從(cong)直流(liu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機到(dao)(dao)(dao)交流(liu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機人(ren)們一直在為(wei)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步(bu)而努力奮斗。直到(dao)(dao)(dao)釹(nv)鐵硼永(yong)磁體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)，人(ren)們開(kai)始(shi)生產(chan)稀(xi)土永(yong)磁電(dian)機獲(huo)得(de)了(le)先(xian)進(jin)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持，同時也(ye)帶動(dong)(dong)了(le)相關產(chan)業(ye)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高，使機電(dian)一體(ti)化達到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)更新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)層次。
中國運載火箭技(ji)術研究院通過多年對(dui)稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁電機(ji)(ji)及控制系(xi)統的(de)(de)研究應(ying)用(yong)，已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)地在(zai)火箭、導彈上應(ying)用(yong)了稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁電機(ji)(ji)。本著“軍品(pin)立院，民品(pin)興(xing)院”的(de)(de)戰略方針(zhen)，北(bei)京萬源工業(ye)公(gong)司(si)在(zai)整體穩(wen)步發(fa)展的(de)(de)同時，更(geng)加注重(zhong)發(fa)揮自己的(de)(de)科(ke)研、生產(chan)優勢(shi)，不斷探索、開(kai)發(fa)新(xin)的(de)(de)領域，把軍品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)(de)高新(xin)技(ji)術應(ying)用(yong)到民品(pin)工業(ye)領域中去，公(gong)司(si)將組(zu)織強有(you)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)科(ke)研隊伍并(bing)投入大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)人力(li)(li)和物(wu)力(li)(li)，在(zai)開(kai)發(fa)稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁風力(li)(li)發(fa)電機(ji)(ji)、輕軌用(yong)稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁拖(tuo)動電機(ji)(ji)和石油開(kai)采稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁電機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)同時，開(kai)發(fa)生產(chan)較大(da)功(gong)率的(de)(de)稀(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)磁直流無(wu)刷調速電機(ji)(ji)。
稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁直流無刷(shua)調速(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)是現代材料科學、電(dian)子電(dian)力科學及(ji)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)控制理論相結(jie)合(he)的(de)產(chan)物(wu)。稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)是利用(yong)稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁材料產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)磁場(chang)(chang)，替代傳統電(dian)機(ji)(ji)由電(dian)流勵磁產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)磁場(chang)(chang)，使得(de)(de)稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)具(ju)有(you)(you)結(jie)構簡單、運行可靠、體積小(xiao)、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、損耗低(di)、效率高(gao)(gao)，電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)外(wai)型和尺寸可以靈活多變等顯著特(te)點，所以稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)近幾年來發展(zhan)很快。由于我(wo)國稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)資源(yuan)豐(feng)富，稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁在(zai)國內的(de)飛(fei)速(su)發展(zhan)，使得(de)(de)稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁材料的(de)產(chan)品質量不斷(duan)提高(gao)(gao)、成(cheng)本(ben)價(jia)格不斷(duan)降低(di)，為(wei)制造較大功率的(de)稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)奠(dian)定了堅實基礎(chu)，使得(de)(de)我(wo)們開發出的(de)稀(xi)(xi)(xi)土(tu)(tu)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁電(dian)機(ji)(ji)在(zai)國內外(wai)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)必然(ran)有(you)(you)一定的(de)競(jing)爭優勢(shi)。
我國現在(zai)(zai)(zai)是(shi)世界(jie)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)消費第一大國，隨著我國的(de)(de)國民經(jing)濟不斷發(fa)展和提(ti)高，高性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)需求將近一步擴大。但現在(zai)(zai)(zai)高速(su)、高性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)主機(ji)(ji)基(ji)本(ben)依靠進口。為了開發(fa)我國的(de)(de)稀土(tu)資源(yuan)，擴大稀土(tu)永(yong)磁在(zai)(zai)(zai)國內的(de)(de)應用市場，我公司技(ji)術創新(xin)(xin)中心正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大力開發(fa)稀土(tu)永(yong)磁直(zhi)流無(wu)刷調速(su)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，應用在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)主機(ji)(ji)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)產(chan)(chan)品中，其系(xi)(xi)統(tong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)處于(yu)世界(jie)領先(xian)(xian)地位，比(bi)傳統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)大約為40%，是(shi)國產(chan)(chan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)主機(ji)(ji)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)理想更新(xin)(xin)換代產(chan)(chan)品。該系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)突出特(te)點(dian)(dian)是(shi)：調速(su)范圍寬，將達到1000:1以上(shang)，比(bi)目前先(xian)(xian)進的(de)(de)交流VVVF變頻系(xi)(xi)統(tong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)高。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)啟動、運行和控制更加(jia)(jia)平穩(wen)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)實現高精度的(de)(de)控制。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，具(ju)有(you)(you)低(di)(di)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)大扭矩、功率因(yin)(yin)數高、體積小、對配套環境要求低(di)(di)的(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)(dian)而且節能(neng)(neng)(neng)效果明顯。整個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)工作噪聲和振動很小、運行平穩(wen)、符合(he)人體舒適要求。由于(yu)永(yong)磁電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)固(gu)有(you)(you)特(te)性(xing)，當突然停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時具(ju)有(you)(you)自鎖能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)運行更加(jia)(jia)安全可靠。因(yin)(yin)具(ju)有(you)(you)低(di)(di)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)大扭矩的(de)(de)特(te)性(xing)，使得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)主機(ji)(ji)結構(gou)簡(jian)單，便于(yu)維護。該產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)開發(fa)將使我國的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)工業進入一個(ge)嶄新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)歷史階(jie)段。
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